Culture, Ethnicity, Race and Minority Group :)

Assalamualaikum. Hai! 

So now, we are going to talk about multicultural counseling, finally. Hehe. So, before we go deeper into what multicultural counseling is all about, I believe it is good for us to have a clear definition on culture, ethnicity, race and minority group. 

So, what is culture?

Credit to: http://bilingualkidsrock.com/wp-content/uploads/2013/06/Aspects-of-Culture-Beyond-Language-infograph-869x1024.jpg

Fairchild (1970) defined culture as "all behavioral pattern socially acquired and socially transmitted by means of symbols, including customs, techniques, beliefs, institutions and material objects".

Haviland (1975) defines culture as "a set of shared assumptions where people can predict each other's actions in a given circumstances and react accordingly".

According to Merriam-Webster (2006), culture is "the customary beliefs, social forms, and material traits of a racial, religious, or social group".

Encyclopedia Britannia (2006) on the other hand defines culture as an "integrated pattern of human knowledge, belief, and behaviour that is both a result of and integral to the human capacity for learning and transmitting knowledge to succeeding generations. Culture thus consists of language, ideas, beliefs, customs, taboos, codes, institutions, tools, techniques, works of arts, rituals, ceremonies, and symbols... ."

Hmm, maybe that is why whenever we are asked what culture is, we tend to associate it with sets of ideas and beliefs, rituals and ceremonies or even food. Yummy! 

Next, what is ethnicity?

McGoldrick, Pearce and Giordano (1982) described ethnicity as a sense of commonality that is more than a race, religion, national, or geographic origin. 

Another way to look at ethnicity is a perceived common ancestry even though there is much cultural diversity within each of these groups. 

Ethnicity is also being defined by having a shared language, religion, nationality, history or other cultural factors. 

Then, what race is?

Race commonly defined physically which tend to include genetic grouping and a biological underpinning. There is often more diversity within a racial group than between racial groups, 

To have a more understanding about race and ethnicity, do watch the following video. 

And last but not least, what is minority group?

Corey, Corey and Callanan (1988) defined a minority group as people who have been discriminated against or subjected to unequal treatment.

Lee, Blando, Mizelle,and Oraczo (2007) believe that using this definition, minority group would also include women, gays and lesbian, the elderly and person with disabilities because all these groups have also been subjected to unequal treatment. 

References:

1. Lee, W.M.L, Blando, J. A., Mizelle, N. D. and Oraczo, G. L. (2007) Introduction to Multicultural Counseling for Helping Professionals. USA: Routledge Taylor and Francis Group.

2. Pederson, P. B. and Carey, J. C. (2003) Multicultural Counseling in Schools, A Practical Handbook (2nd Ed). USA; Pearson Education, Inc.

3. Khanacademymedicine. (2014, April 26). Demographic structure of society- race and ethnicity. [Video file] Retrieved from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4WIiConeatM

Assalamualaikum. Hai! 

So now, we are going to talk about multicultural counseling, finally. Hehe. So, before we go deeper into what multicultural counseling is all about, I believe it is good for us to have a clear definition on culture, ethnicity, race and minority group. 

So, what is culture?

Credit to: http://bilingualkidsrock.com/wp-content/uploads/2013/06/Aspects-of-Culture-Beyond-Language-infograph-869x1024.jpg

Fairchild (1970) defined culture as "all behavioral pattern socially acquired and socially transmitted by means of symbols, including customs, techniques, beliefs, institutions and material objects".

Haviland (1975) defines culture as "a set of shared assumptions where people can predict each other's actions in a given circumstances and react accordingly".

According to Merriam-Webster (2006), culture is "the customary beliefs, social forms, and material traits of a racial, religious, or social group".

Encyclopedia Britannia (2006) on the other hand defines culture as an "integrated pattern of human knowledge, belief, and behaviour that is both a result of and integral to the human capacity for learning and transmitting knowledge to succeeding generations. Culture thus consists of language, ideas, beliefs, customs, taboos, codes, institutions, tools, techniques, works of arts, rituals, ceremonies, and symbols... ."

Hmm, maybe that is why whenever we are asked what culture is, we tend to associate it with sets of ideas and beliefs, rituals and ceremonies or even food. Yummy! 

Next, what is ethnicity?

McGoldrick, Pearce and Giordano (1982) described ethnicity as a sense of commonality that is more than a race, religion, national, or geographic origin. 

Another way to look at ethnicity is a perceived common ancestry even though there is much cultural diversity within each of these groups. 

Ethnicity is also being defined by having a shared language, religion, nationality, history or other cultural factors. 

Then, what race is?

Race commonly defined physically which tend to include genetic grouping and a biological underpinning. There is often more diversity within a racial group than between racial groups, 

To have a more understanding about race and ethnicity, do watch the following video. 

And last but not least, what is minority group?

Corey, Corey and Callanan (1988) defined a minority group as people who have been discriminated against or subjected to unequal treatment.

Lee, Blando, Mizelle,and Oraczo (2007) believe that using this definition, minority group would also include women, gays and lesbian, the elderly and person with disabilities because all these groups have also been subjected to unequal treatment. 

References:

1. Lee, W.M.L, Blando, J. A., Mizelle, N. D. and Oraczo, G. L. (2007) Introduction to Multicultural Counseling for Helping Professionals. USA: Routledge Taylor and Francis Group.

2. Pederson, P. B. and Carey, J. C. (2003) Multicultural Counseling in Schools, A Practical Handbook (2nd Ed). USA; Pearson Education, Inc.

3. Khanacademymedicine. (2014, April 26). Demographic structure of society- race and ethnicity. [Video file] Retrieved from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4WIiConeatM

Let's Heal The World :)

Assalamualaikum. Hai!

Have you ever heard Heal The World by Michael Jackson? I believe majority of you have heard the song. We have decided to choose the song as our theme song for this blog. Hehe. The lyrics and the meanings are beautiful and suits our blog concept. Yeay! Enjoy the song~

And oh, if you are feeling distracted with the sound while reading this blog, you can always pause the song. The pause button is right at the bottom of this blog. :D

Credit to: https://rehabreviews.com/wp-content/uploads/2013/12/heal-the-world.jpg

HEAL THE WORLD

Think about the generations and say we wanna make it a better place

For our children and our children's children

So that they know what's a better world for them

And think they can make it a better place

There's a place in your heart and I know that it is love

And this place could be much brighter than tomorrow

And if you really try, you'll find there's no need to cry

In this place you'll feel there's no hurt or sorrow

There are ways to get there if you care enough for the living

Make a little space, make a better place

Heal the world, make it a better place

For you and for me and the entire human race

There are people dying if you care enough for the living

Make a better place for you and for me

If you want to know why, there's a love that cannot lie

Love is strong, it only cares for joyful giving

If we try, we shall see, in this bliss we cannot feel

Fear or dread, we stop existing and start living

Then it feels that always love's enough for us growing

Make a better world, make a better world

Heal the world, make it a better place

For you and for me and the entire human race

There are people dying if you care enough for the living

Make a better place for you and for me

And the dream we were conceived in will reveal a joyful face

And the world we once believed in will shine again in grace

Then why do we keep strangling life, wound this Earth, crucify its soul

Though it's plain to see, this world is heavenly, be God's glow

We could fly so high, let our spirits never die

In my heart, i feel you are all my brothers

Create a world with no fear, together we'll cry happy tears

See the nations turn their swords into plowshares

We could really get there if you cared enough for the living

Make a little space to make a better place

Heal the world, make it a better place

For you and for me and the entire human race

There are people dying if you care enough for the living

Make a better place for you and for me

Heal the world, make it a better place

For you and for me and the entire human race

There are people dying if you care enough for the living

Make a better place for you and for me

Heal the world, make it a better place

For you and for me and the entire human race

There are people dying if you care enough for the living

Make a better place for you and for me

There are people dying

If you care enough for the living

Make a better place for you and for me

There are people dying

If you care enough for the living

Make a better place for you and for me

You and for me

Make it a better place

You and for me

Make it a better place

You and for me

Make it a better place

You and for me

Heal the world we live in

You and for me

Save it for our children

You and for me

Heal the world we live in

You and for me

Save it for our children

You and for me

Heal the world we live in

You and for me

Save it for our children

You and for me

Heal the world we live in

You and for me

Save it for our children

Assalamualaikum. Hai!

Have you ever heard Heal The World by Michael Jackson? I believe majority of you have heard the song. We have decided to choose the song as our theme song for this blog. Hehe. The lyrics and the meanings are beautiful and suits our blog concept. Yeay! Enjoy the song~

And oh, if you are feeling distracted with the sound while reading this blog, you can always pause the song. The pause button is right at the bottom of this blog. :D

Credit to: https://rehabreviews.com/wp-content/uploads/2013/12/heal-the-world.jpg

HEAL THE WORLD

Think about the generations and say we wanna make it a better place

For our children and our children's children

So that they know what's a better world for them

And think they can make it a better place

There's a place in your heart and I know that it is love

And this place could be much brighter than tomorrow

And if you really try, you'll find there's no need to cry

In this place you'll feel there's no hurt or sorrow

There are ways to get there if you care enough for the living

Make a little space, make a better place

Heal the world, make it a better place

For you and for me and the entire human race

There are people dying if you care enough for the living

Make a better place for you and for me

If you want to know why, there's a love that cannot lie

Love is strong, it only cares for joyful giving

If we try, we shall see, in this bliss we cannot feel

Fear or dread, we stop existing and start living

Then it feels that always love's enough for us growing

Make a better world, make a better world

Heal the world, make it a better place

For you and for me and the entire human race

There are people dying if you care enough for the living

Make a better place for you and for me

And the dream we were conceived in will reveal a joyful face

And the world we once believed in will shine again in grace

Then why do we keep strangling life, wound this Earth, crucify its soul

Though it's plain to see, this world is heavenly, be God's glow

We could fly so high, let our spirits never die

In my heart, i feel you are all my brothers

Create a world with no fear, together we'll cry happy tears

See the nations turn their swords into plowshares

We could really get there if you cared enough for the living

Make a little space to make a better place

Heal the world, make it a better place

For you and for me and the entire human race

There are people dying if you care enough for the living

Make a better place for you and for me

Heal the world, make it a better place

For you and for me and the entire human race

There are people dying if you care enough for the living

Make a better place for you and for me

Heal the world, make it a better place

For you and for me and the entire human race

There are people dying if you care enough for the living

Make a better place for you and for me

There are people dying

If you care enough for the living

Make a better place for you and for me

There are people dying

If you care enough for the living

Make a better place for you and for me

You and for me

Make it a better place

You and for me

Make it a better place

You and for me

Make it a better place

You and for me

Heal the world we live in

You and for me

Save it for our children

You and for me

Heal the world we live in

You and for me

Save it for our children

You and for me

Heal the world we live in

You and for me

Save it for our children

You and for me

Heal the world we live in

You and for me

Save it for our children

Introduction.

Assalamualaikum wbt. Hai!

How are you doing? Hope you are doing just fine, happy and healthy ;D

Credit to; https://unespejoparamialma.files.wordpress.com/2016/01/powerpuffgirls.jpg?w=406&h=251

This is a blog owned by a trio; Fathiah Syahirah, Adilah Mardiah and myself, Fatin Nuradilah. We are third year students of Bachelor of Education (Guidance and Counseling) studying in Kulliyah of Education, International Islamic University Malaysia (IIUM), Gombak, Malaysia. Wow, that is mouthful to say right. ;D

The blog is created as a requirement for our course, EDG 4008 Cross Cultural Counseling. Therefore, we will be posting about multicultural issues in schools in general and counseling in specific besides some extra information about different cultures and ethnicity. So, please tighten up your seat belt and be ready to have a wonderful journey with us for the next ten weeks. 

Yeayyyyy~

Assalamualaikum wbt. Hai!

How are you doing? Hope you are doing just fine, happy and healthy ;D

Credit to; https://unespejoparamialma.files.wordpress.com/2016/01/powerpuffgirls.jpg?w=406&h=251

This is a blog owned by a trio; Fathiah Syahirah, Adilah Mardiah and myself, Fatin Nuradilah. We are third year students of Bachelor of Education (Guidance and Counseling) studying in Kulliyah of Education, International Islamic University Malaysia (IIUM), Gombak, Malaysia. Wow, that is mouthful to say right. ;D

The blog is created as a requirement for our course, EDG 4008 Cross Cultural Counseling. Therefore, we will be posting about multicultural issues in schools in general and counseling in specific besides some extra information about different cultures and ethnicity. So, please tighten up your seat belt and be ready to have a wonderful journey with us for the next ten weeks. 

Yeayyyyy~